EXAMINATION OF MARITIME SECURITY AND THE APPLICATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY

EXAMINATION OF MARITIME SECURITY AND THE APPLICATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY

BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Port and maritime activities throughout the world, together with its accompanying facilities and infrastructure, collectively pose one of the single largest unmet threats to the economic and national security of countries in the modern period. The technology involved in ports and maritime operations is mostly to blame for the difficulty that is associated with ensuring their safety. Ports are often huge, asymmetrical operations that are spread out across hundreds of acres of land and water. This allows them to concurrently support ship, truck, and rail traffic, storage or pipeline for petroleum product or liquid dumping, and container storage. Because the flow of freight, cargo (solid or liquid), and transportation through a port is often based on a "queuing" system, any delay snarls up all activities. Whether or whether there are delays that may be attributed to security concerns, in the sake of time management or convenience, security is often put on the back burner. There are relatively few common standards for point-to-point control of security on containers, cargoes, vessels, or personnel around the globe. As a result, the security of a port in one country is still very much at the mercy of the security, or lack thereof, of a port in another nation. Even while a huge percentage of ports still do not conduct background checks on dock workers, crane operators, or warehouse staff, organized crime has become deeply ingrained in numerous ports around the country. The vast majority of ports lease out significant sections of public facilities to private terminal operating corporations. These companies are responsible for their own safety and security. As a direct consequence of this, the system of port security and operations management as a whole has become "balkanized" and unequal.

The portion of the economy that deals with the transportation of products and resources through water, as well as the movement of people from one location to another, is referred to as the maritime sector. It is in charge of the Waterborne Transport, which is one of the modes of transportation of goods and or persons, which has been the primary prerequisite for trade transactions between nations and regions for centuries, and which has, without a doubt, played an important role in the creation of economic development and prosperity (Ade, 2022). Within the framework of the economics of countries all over the globe, the marine sector has a highly significant and pivotal place.

When used in its most literal meaning, the term "industry" refers to all of the commercial endeavors that take place within the context of the sea. These include economic operations that take place either on or offshore, such as fishing, salvage, towage, and the exploitation or extraction of undersea resources, as well as economic activities that take place on land, such as shipping activities, ship building, repair, and maintenance. Shipping stands out as the activity that contributes the most to the overall development of an economy and its standing in the international community. This is due to the fact that shipping serves as the center of all other marine operations. Shipping, for example, is essential to the oil and gas industry because it acts as the engine that propels the industry forward and enables it to have a significant impact on an economy. Most countries do not have the financial resources to gamble in the shipping business because of the strong connection that exists between economic growth and shipping-related industries (XavierF, 2021). The fact that shipping is one of the most international sectors in the world places maritime commerce, in a way, at the pinnacle of economic activity around the globe. The maritime industry has been the catalyst for an unprecedented expansion of global trade, which has occurred in tandem with the globalization of business and the ascension of newly industrialized nations to the same status as countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). In addition to this, this has resulted in the transformation of the globe from a collection of separate communities into a cohesive global community (Nweze , 2020).

The shipping business is very complicated, and the circumstances that govern its operations in one field may not necessarily apply to its activities in another sector. The ships come in a broad range of sizes and types, which both contribute significantly to their overall value. They provide a comprehensive range of services for a wide variety of commodities, regardless of the length of the route being traveled. Liner shipping, tramp shipping, bulk shipping, the charter market, and other types of shipping are all components of the overall shipping sector. And since shipping is a service business, the demand for ships is determined by a number of criteria, including cost, velocity, dependability, and safety (Nweze , 2021).

The efficient functioning of the economy of every nation is contingent upon the availability of maritime transport, which is also an important component of the transportation infrastructure of that nation. It was previously reported that a minister of transport in the Federal Republic of Nigeria made the statement that transportation is to the economy of Nigeria what the artery is to the circulation of blood in the human body (Notteboom , 2022).

There are shipping lines operating in Nigeria that are responsible for the transportation of oil, bulk cargo, and finished commodities to and from the ports located in Nigeria. Maersk line is a sub division of the AP Moller-Maersk company and is engaged in terminal operations, supply services, drilling, and oil tanker services to a variety of users in Nigeria. These services are provided to Maersk line by a number of customers in Nigeria. The company's headquarters are located in Copenhagen, Denmark, and it has subsidiaries and offices in more than 135 countries across the globe. It provides international container services, logistics and forwarding solutions, and terminal operations under the brand names of Maersk, APL, and DP World (Notteboom , 2022).

Maerskline Nigeria started providing its services in 1953. Initially, the company worked with brokers such as John-Holt shipping Nigeria Limited. On February 2nd, 1988, the company officially formed its corporate organization in Nigeria. The cities of Lagos, Port-Harcourt, and Kano are home to their principal places of business in Nigeria (XavierF, 2021). In light of the claims made above, the subsequent chapters of this investigation will concentrate more on the many different ideas associated with the topic that is being investigated.

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